Pipe-wrench



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Patented June 30,v 1891.

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JOHN E. WAKEFIELD,-OF VORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

PIPE-WRENCH.

SIEECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 454,893, dated J' une 30, 1891.

f Application filed November 26, 1890. Serial No. 372,670. (No model.)

.To all whom t may concern.-

Beit known that I, JOHN E. WAKEFIELD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of W'oroester, in the county of Vorcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in PipeVrenches, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying draw ings, forming a part of the same, and in which- Figure l represents a side elevation of a wrench embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the same. Fig. 3 is a side view, shown partly in section in order to disclose the operating parts of the wrench, which are represented in their normal position. Fig. 4 is a sido View with the operating handle shown in sectional view and with one of the links removed by which the operating-handle is connected with the movable jaw. Fig. 5 is a side view as shown in Fig. 4, but with the operating parts in a diierent position, those in Fig. 4 showing their position as the movable jaw is carried toward the fixed jaw and those in Fig. 5 representing them in the position assumed in disengaging the toothed saddle from the toothed bar. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of one of the links by which the operating-handle is connected with the movable jaw. Fig. 7 represents the screw-driver blade in detached view; and Fig. 8 is a dia' grammatic View of the operating parts of the wrench, illustrating the action of the operating-handle.

Similar letters and igures refer to similar parts in the different views.

Referring to the drawings, A denotes the bar forming the iixed handle B and having a iixed jaw A formed integrally therewith.

Inclosing the bar A and capable of sliding thereon is the sleeveC, having the movable jaw C and the arm D formed integrally with the sleeve. The arm D extends parallel with the bar A, and is preferably of the same thickness, so that the sides of the bar and the sides of the arm will be flush, and the outer side of the arm D is cut away at D D leaving the transverse flat bearings D2 D3 for the bladespring E, and also the central transverse iiat rib D4 to check the lexureof the spring E, as`

hereinafter described.

site or outer side of the handle and having its 1 axis coincident with the axis of the lug F2, the two lugs F2 and F3 serving as pivots for the links G and H, by which the handle F is connected with the end of the arm D. The

link G is represented in perspective view in Fig. 6, and is provided with a hole G to receive the pivotal lug F2, and also'with a hole G2 to receive a pin or bolt by which thelinks G and H are pivoted to the end of the arm D. The link G has also a flange G2, which extends over the outer side of the arm D and is curved to cover the end of the arm D. The link H is precisely like thelink G, alreadydescribed, except that the flange is upon its opposite or reverse side, so that the two links become, respectively, right and left links, and the link H has the hole for the bolt I screw-threaded instead ot' blank, like the hole G2.

' The operative handle F is connected with the arm D by slipping the .links G and H upon the pivotal lugs F2 and F3, causing the,

flanged ends of the links to inolose the end of the arrn D and then uniting the flanged ends ot' the links by the boltl passing through the hole G2 in the link G and a -corresponding hole in the end of the arm D 'and screwing into the link H, thereby drawing the flanged ends of the links rmly together with the the edges of the flanges G3 and H abutting, as shown at d, Fig. 2, and forming a shell which incloses the end of the arm D. The tlanges G3 and H are provided with a transverse rib b, Figs. 3, 4, and 5, which rests against the blade-spring E. .The rear side of the bar A is provided with the ratchet-teeth c for a portion of its length, and is engaged by the corresponding teeth of va saddle J, to which the operative handle F is pivoted by apin J', which passes loosely through the saddle J and the sides of the bar F, the ends of the pin J being covered by the links G and H, as indicated by the broken line ydenoting the edge of the link Hin Figs. 3, 4, and 5. rlhe links G and H therefore serve to retain the pin J in place, the links themselves being held in ICO vplace by the bolt I, all the parts therefore being easily separated and the entire wrench released by the removal of the single bolt I.

The operative handle F is .provided with a projecting prong F4, extending over the rear side of the sliding sleeve C and in the normal' position of the parts resting upon the sleeve, as represented in Fig. 3, which shows all the operative parts of the'wrench in their normal position, the saddle engaging the teeth c upon the bar A and the prong FL resting upon the sleeve C, and the rib b upon the iianges G3, and H of the links Gand H bearing upon the blade-spring E, which in the normal position of the several parts described is in a state of slight tension, thereby drawing the saddle J closely against the toothed bar A and holding the prong F4 against the sleeve C and'maintaining the handle F slightly separated from the handle B, as shown in Fig. l of the drawings.

In order to move the movable jaw C along the bar A toward the iixed jaw in the act of seizing the pipe, the handle F is brought toward the handle B, as represented in Fig. 4, rocking the handle F upon the pin J and carrying the cylindrical lugs F2 F3 around the pin J and sliding the arm D, sleeve C, and movable jaw C toward the fixed jaw A', at the same time compressing the bladespring E until the movement is checked by the contact of the handle F with the handle B. The pressure thus exerted upon the end of the handle F to carry it toward the handle B will be exerted as pressure upon the pipe held between the jaws A and C', and the pressure brought to bear upon the pipe will be to the pressure exerted upon the end of the handle F inversely as the distance between the center of the lugs F2 F3 and pin J is to the length ofthe handle F from the pin J to the end of the handle. As soon as the pressure is removed from the end of the handle F the tension of the blade-spring E will restore the parts to their normal position, as represented 'in Fig. 3.

As the entire sliding movement of the sleeve C and movable jaw C upon the bar A is comparatively slight, by the movement of the handle F toward the handle B, as described, it is necessary to provide means whereby the distance between the xed and movable jaws can be varied to accommodate pipes of different diameters. This is accomplished by raising the handle F or separating the handle F from the handle B, as shown in Fig. 4, causing the prong F'l to act as the fulcrum and the pin J and connected saddle J to be lifted out Vof engagement with the teeth c upon the bar A.- By moving the handle F toward or away from the fixed jaw A while the saddle J is held from engagement with the toothed bar A the movable jaw C is moved along the bar in position to allow the desired size of pipe to be received, the handle F is dropped to allow the saddle J to again engage the toothed bar, and the pipe seized, as already described. i

In the operation of separating the handles F and B,- as in the operation of bringing them together, the spring E is compressed until checked by the rib D4, so that when the handle F is released the tension of the spring E will restore the operative parts of the wrench immediately to their normal positions.

In Fig. 8 I have indicated by a series of broken lines and the outlines of the parts of the wrench concerned to action of the handiev F in the two operations already described.g

In the operation of seizing the pipe the handle F (indicated by the broken line l) is car- I ried to the position of line 2,'and the vline 3,

indicating the short arm of the lever, is carried to the position of line 4, bringing the center of the lugs F2 F3 to position 5, thereby sliding the center of the bolt'I to the position 6 and bringing the rib b by a transverse motion toward .the rib D4. Vhen the handle F is released, the spring E serves to return the parts to their original and normal position. prong F4, the pin J is carried along the arc 7,

Vlifting the saddle from engagement with the bar A, and the lugs F2 F3 are moved along the arc S, compressing the spring E and bringing it in contact with the rib D4.

The faces of the jaws A and C are provided with circular recesses d to receive the bosses e upon the serrated plates K K, which are attached to the jaws by screws ff entering the bosses e, and having their heads countersunk at gg. The serrated plates are held by their bosses e e from any lateral move-vment upon the jaws, and they are held from rotating upon the screws f by the wings h h, which extend partly across the sides of the bar A. A pin j is screwed into the bar A to limit the sliding motion of the movable jaw upon the bar, and the bar A is provided with a slit in its end to receive the screw-driver blade L, which is pivoted upon a pin k, and is held in position when extended byA the screw-theaded bolt m, having a milled head m', and having its point entering the hole 'n in the blade L. When the blade L is turned upon the pin 7c to bring it wholly within the slit of the bar A, the screw-threaded bolt m enters the hole n.

What I'claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, with a bar having a ixed head and provided with a series of ratchet-teeth, of a sliding j aw, an arm integral therewith and extending parallel with said bar, a saddle engaging the teeth on said bar, a lever-handle pivoted on said saddle, and links connecting said lever-handle with the arm of said movable jaw, substantially as described.

2. In a pipe-wrench, the combination of a toothed bar having a fixed head, a sleeve sliding on said bar and carrying a movable jaw, a

When thehandle F is raised upon the IOO IIO

lever-handle pivoted on an adjustable saddle, a saddle engaging said toothed bar, and a prong extending from said pivoted handle over said sleeve and serving as a fulcrum by which the saddle is lifted out of its engagement with said toothed bar, substantially as described.

3. The combination of a toothed bar having a fixed jaw, a sleeve sliding on said toothed bar and carrying a movable jaw, an arm on said sleeve parallel with said bar, a saddle engaging said toothed bar, a lever-handle pivoted on said saddle and having a prong extending over said sleeve and serving as a fulcrum by which said saddle is raised from its engagement with said toothed bar, substantially as described, links connecting said pivoted handle and said sleeve, and a spring applied to said links to hold the saddle in engagementV with said toothed bar, substantially as described. Y

4. In a pipe-wrench, the combination,with a movable jaw having an arm, of a pivoted handle, links connecting said handle with said arm, said links having flanges -inclosing the end of said arm aud provided with abuttingedges, substantially as described.

5. The combination, with a bar having a fixed jaw, of a movable jaw having an arm parallel with said bar, a pivoted handle, angedlinks connecting said handle with said arm, a spring resting on said arm and acting upon said links, and a rib on said arm by which the angular motion of the links is lim ited, substantially as described.

xed jaw, a sliding jaw, a pivoted handle prolvided with lugs having coincident axes, links pivoted on said lugs and provided with flanges having abutting edges, and a bolt connecting 4o the flanged ends of said links, substantially as described. f

7. The combination of a bar having a fixed jaw, a movable 'j aw sliding on said bar, apivoted handle provided with the lugs F2 F3, links connecting said handle with said movable jaw, said links being pivoted on said lugs, and a bolt I, connecting the opposite ends of said links together and forming a pivotal connection between said links and said movable j aw,.substantially as described.

8. -In a pipe-Wrench, the combination, with the jaws provided with recesses, of plates having bosses entering said recesses, and attaching-screws, substantially as described.

9. In a pipe-wrench, the combination, with' jaws provided with recesses, of plates having circular bosses entering said recesses, attaching-screws entering said bosses, and wings h h, substantially as described.

l0.v In a pipe-wrench, the combination,with a Xed handle provided With aslit in its end,

of a pivoted screw-driver blade and a retaining-bolt, substantially as described.

Dated November 22, 1890.

JOHN E. WAKEFIELD. 

